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    Risk of Metachronous Colon Cancer Following Surgery for Rectal Cancer in Mismatch Repair Gene Mutation Carriers

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    Date
    2013-06
    Author
    Win, Aung Ko
    Parry, Susan
    Parry, Bryan
    Kalady, Matthew F
    Macrae, Finlay Alistair
    Ahnen, Dennis J
    Young, Graeme Paul
    Lipton, Lara
    Winship, Ingrid
    Boussioutas, Alex
    Young, Joanne P
    Buchanan, Daniel D
    Arnold, Julie
    Marchand, Loic Le
    Newcomb, Polly A
    Haile, Robert W
    Lindor, Noralane M
    Gallinger, Steven
    Hopper, John L
    Jenkins, Mark
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    Abstract
    Despite regular surveillance colonoscopy, the metachronous colorectal cancer risk for mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutation carriers after segmental resection for colon cancer is high and total or subtotal colectomy is the preferred option. However, if the index cancer is in the rectum, management decisions are complicated by considerations of impaired bowel function. We aimed to estimate the risk of metachronous colon cancer for MMR gene mutation carriers who underwent a proctectomy for index rectal cancer. Methods This retrospective cohort study comprised 79 carriers of germline mutation in a MMR gene (18 MLH1, 55 MSH2, 4 MSH6, and 2 PMS2) from the Colon Cancer Family Registry who had had a proctectomy for index rectal cancer. Cumulative risks of metachronous colon cancer were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results During median 9 years (range 1–32 years) of observation since the first diagnosis of rectal cancer, 21 carriers (27 %) were diagnosed with metachronous colon cancer (incidence 24.25, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 15.81–37.19 per 1,000 person-years). Cumulative risk of metachronous colon cancer was 19 % (95 % CI 9–31 %) at 10 years, 47 (95 % CI 31–68 %) at 20 years, and 69 % (95 % CI 45–89 %) at 30 years after surgical resection. The frequency of surveillance colonoscopy was 1 colonoscopy per 1.16 years (95 % CI 1.01–1.31 years). The AJCC stages of the metachronous cancers, where available, were 72 % stage I, 22 % stage II, and 6 % stage III. Conclusions Given the high metachronous colon cancer risk for MMR gene mutation carriers diagnosed with an index rectal cancer, proctocolectomy may need to be considered.
    URI
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4041733/
    http://hdl.handle.net/2328/35192
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